The distinctive relationship between .......................................................is established by the ability

of translation to approximate a multilingual communication to a monolingual one.

The device of substitution was not extensively used' in either text. Only the ST employed it once, .........................................

Translators need .................... ...................................................that help to achieve their goals in

enhancing communication across different nations.

Furthermore, words such as hence and so indicate that there is a preceding segment of text presenting a cause or reason, and ...

......................................................

Similarly to pronoun reference, the cohesive device of conjunction proves ........................................

............................... of the Target Text.

As in the case of referential cohesive devices, the translator also ................................................the strategy of deletion while translating the condi-

tional conjunction "even if".

........................................, the theory of translation should be a branch of comparative linguistics. His approach was purely linguistic and textual.

The process of ................................

........................in a target language involves both lexico-grammatical and pragmatic analysis.

Furthermore, the fourth device —substitution— is marked by

the use of nouns, verbs or clauses ......................................... ...................................previously presented.

.

Translators usually have to deal with six different problematic areas in their work, .....................

..................they are translating technical documents or a sworn statement.

Each language has an area of equivalence in ........................ to the other language.

Contemporary translation activities of a translator are characterized by

a great variety of types, ................. and levels of his responsibility.

Translation ........................ is an academic interdiscipline dealing with the systematic study of the theory, description and application of , , and .

Thematic progression helps give cohesion and thus coherence to a text, guiding the reader through the text ................................................

The topical Theme is divided into two subtypes: ........................

............................................Simple marked Theme refers to when a topical element is chosen for

foregrounding while simple unmarked Theme refers to that which is most usual.

Text is a meaningful unit, but to guide persons towards meanings it is recommended to start from ....................................................

................................after that inspect the STs and their probable translation.

Conjunctive cohesion is the type of cohesion commonly and most extensively dealt with ....................

.....................................It is often referred to as “transitional devices.”

Technical and scientific translation has traditionally been the dogsbody of theoretical discussions of translation. The underlying rationale when approaching this type of translation has usually been that literature .............................a creative elaboration of language.

Word-for-word translation transfers Source Language grammar and .................................., as well as the primary meanings of all the Source Language words into the translation, and is normally effective only for brief simple neutral sentences.

Different types of translation can be singled out ............................the

predominant communicative function of the source text or the form of speech involved in the translation process.