1 Do you need to get off the sofa and go to the gym? If you want to get motivated to exercise, try listening to your favorite songs or to dance music. Psychologists at Brunel Univeristy in London say that certain types of music help people to get started and also to exercise for a longer time. People who listen to music exercise for 13 percent longer than people who don’t. International athletes often listen to music when they are training.
2 Doctors know about the therapeutic effects of music. Listening to music can help people recover after operations. Teachers should pay attention, too. In a study at the University of California, students who took a test while listening to a Mozart sonata scored 30 percent higher than students who took the test in silence.
3 Music also relaxes people after a stressful day. Pauline Etkin, director of a music therapy center in London, says that throughout life’s ups and downs, people always respond to music. When someone is nervous or afraid, it can make them feel better. “Music’s rhythm is closely linked with the rhythms of the body,” she says.
Select the best heading for each paragraph of the Reading Text.
Hoan Kiem lake – a famous beauty spot - is considered the center or the heart of Hanoi. The water color of Hoan Kiem lake is not commonly found in other lakes elsewhere in the country: greenish, with dark or light shade depending on the reflection of the sky. There is the turtle tower in the middle of the lake. Hoan Kiem lake is a pride of all Hanoians. It is a place for many Hanoians: doing exercises on the shore or water-gazing on park benches. It is also near a shopping center in the Old quarter nearby. As you walk by, you can see the life style of the city. If you are going to visit Hanoi for a few days, you should visit Hoan Kiem Lake and some surrounding attractions as shown in the following table:
Attractions at Hoan Kiem lake:
Attractions
Location
Built in
Ngoc Son temple
Northern part of Hoan Kiem Lake
19 century
The Huc Bridge
Between Ngoc Son Temple & Hoan Kiem lake bank
1865
Brush Tower
Northern East of Hoan Kiem lake
1865
Ink pot
Northern East of Hoan Kiem lake
1865
Hoa Phong Tower
Eastern part of Hoan Kiem lake
1846
Decide if the statements below are true (T) or false (F) .
Read the passage and circle the correct choice (A, B, C or D)
Passage 1
In 1881, a new type of weed began spreading across the northern Great Plains. Unlike other weeds, the tumbleweed did not spend its life rooted to the soil; instead, it tumbled and rolled across fields in the wind. The weed had sharp, spiny leaves that could lacerate the flesh of ranchers and horses alike. It exploited the vast area of the plains, thriving in regions too barren to support other plants. With its ability to generate and disseminate numerous seeds quickly, it soon became the scourge of the prairies.
To present-day Americans, the tumbleweed symbolizes the Old West. They read the Zane Grey novels in which tumbleweeds drift across stark western landscapes and see classic western movies in which tumbleweeds share scenes with cowboys and covered wagons. Yet just over a century ago, the tumbleweed was a newcomer. The first sign of the invasion occurred in North and South Dakota in the late 1870s.
Farmers had noticed the sudden appearance of the new, unusual weed. One group of immigrants, however, did not find the weed at all unfamiliar. The tumbleweed, it turns out, was a native of southern Russia, where it was known as Tartar thistle. It was imported to the United States by unknown means.
Frontier settlers gave the plants various names: saltwort, Russian cactus, and wind witch. But botanists at the Department of Agriculture preferred the designation Russian thistle as the plant’s common name. However, these botanists had a much harder time agreeing on the plant’s scientific name. In general, botanists compare a plant to published accounts of similar plants, or to samples kept as specimens. Unfortunately, no book described the weed and no samples existed in herbaria in the United States.
From the passage it can be inferred that the botanists at the Department of Agriculture
